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Humayun and Koh-I-Noor

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Apr 14, 2024

Opy (Bangladesh)
By

Issue Theme/Column:

Ancient History

Emperor Babur was peacefully resting during the regal morning convocation when an Uzbekistani singer named As-hari was brought to entertain the guests. Suddenly, Chief Vizier Mir Khalifa interrupted the festivities, seeking an audience with the emperor. Babur's brow furrowed at the interruption, but he gave his attention to Mir Khalifa. The chief vizier informed Babur that his beloved Shahzada Humayun Mirza was approaching Agra with a large army, leaving Badakhshan defenseless. Mir Khalifa advised the emperor to arrest Humayun. Despite the grave news, Emperor Babur didn't seem overly concerned. Soon after, Shahzada Humayun stood before Emperor Babur, expressing his desire to visit his father whom he missed dearly. Emperor Babur was pleased with Humayun’s answer. In the private meeting between the emperor and Shahzada, not as the mighty king and his prince but as father and son, Humayun presented his father with the legendary diamond Koh-I-Noor. Thus, Koh-I-Noor came under the ownership of the Mughal Empire in Hindustan, India.

The year was 1530, in Agra, the Mughal emperor Babur passed away, passing his throne to Shahzada Humayun Mirza. Legends have it that when Shahzada Humayun was ill, on the verge of death, Babur transferred his beloved son’s illness into his own body which led to his demise. Soon after Babur’s death, Humayun became the emperor and the owner of Koh-I-Noor. Emperor Humayun was not as famous in history as his father, the founder of the Mughal empire, and his son, Akbar, known as Akbar the Great. Although he didn’t extend the territory during his regime, he lost his throne to Sher Shah, an Afghan power. But he was a respected person. Even his ultimate enemy Sher Shah respected him.

The year was 1540, Humayun was defeated by Sher Shah, betrayed by his half-brothers, and lost his throne, having only Bairam Khan and some loyal amirs by his side. He spent a large period in exile. It is said that when Humayun sought refuge in Nadan fort of Sindhu, Uchi Beg sheltered him but with an ulterior motive of getting the Koh-I-Noor. There was no food or water in the fort. Empress Hamidah Banu was pregnant with Akbar, on the other hand. Bairam Khan sat in a meeting with Uchi Beg and found out about his ulterior motive. However, Bairam Khan defeated Uchi Beg and arranged the necessary water and food for the rest of the journey on the Sindhu River. It is said that a rich businessman, Mahavir, was together with the Emperor during the journey. Mahavir offered Bairam Khan everything the emperor needed, but the emperor had to give him Koh-I-Noor. However, Koh-I-Noor can’t be sold. It’s either snatched with swords or given as a present. Humayun got the information that Jalal Khan was chasing him. He started his journey again. Akbar was only a newborn by then. So, he had no choice but to leave his beloved son in the hands of his half-brother, Mirza Ashkari, who wanted to imprison him and put him in the hands of his ultimate enemy, Jalal Khan, the son of Sher Shah who ascended the throne after Sher Shah. Taimur's family never sought revenge on the brother's child, despite the rivalry. Emperor Humayun sought refuge in Persia. Emperor Shah Tahmasp honored him with a large feast. It was a rule that noblemen should exchange presents. Emperor Humayun presented the legendary Koh-I-Noor.

In the meantime, the Shah of Persia got a secret letter from Mirza Kamran saying that Mirza Kamran could exchange the throne of Kandahar for Humayun. However, Shah Tahmasp helped Humayun instead of betraying him. He proposed that he would give him the vast army of twenty thousand horsemen to win Kandahar for Murad, the child of the Shah of Persia, and he could use the army to win the throne of Delhi.The year was 1545, Sher Shah Suri passed away, passing his throne to Jalal Khan, later named Islam Shah. Humayun returned to Hindustan with the Persian army, defeated Mirza Kamran, and won Kandahar. Bairam Khan continued the war for Emperor Humayun.The year was 1555, and Humayun reascended the throne of Delhi. Upon Humayun's triumphant return to the throne of Delhi, he anointed Bairam Khan with the prestigious title of Khane Khanan, entrusting him with the stewardship of the realm until young Akbar reached the age of kingship. Even in death, Humayun's decree held sway, as Bairam Khan remained steadfastly loyal to the deceased Humayun. Yet, despite his unwavering support during the monarch's most perilous hour, Bairam Khan met a tragic fate, sacrificed to secure the throne for the future sovereign, Akbar.The story is not about a mere diamond and an Emperor but it’s a story of the twisted fate of the Mughal Empire. Every success story is followed by adversity because darkness lies beneath the lamp.

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